Activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase, fructokinase, and sucrose phosphate synthase were lower, whereas activities of neutral invertase, sucrose synthase, and hexokinase were higher in the transgenic fruit during fruit development. In response to this altered carbon supply, the transgenic fruit had lower concentration of sorbitol and much higher concentration of glucose but similar levels of fructose, sucrose, and starch throughout fruit development relative to the untransformed control. In apple ( Malus domestica), antisense suppression of aldose-6-phosphate reductase, the key enzyme for sorbitol synthesis, significantly decreased the sorbitol concentration but increased the sucrose concentration in leaves, leading to a lower sorbitol but a higher sucrose supply to fruit in these plants. Both sorbitol and sucrose are synthesized in source leaves and transported to fruit for supporting fruit growth in tree fruit species of the Rosaceae family.
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